Title |
Ambient particulate air pollution and acute lower respiratory infections: a systematic review and implications for estimating the global burden of disease
|
---|---|
Published in |
Air Quality, Atmosphere & Health, May 2011
|
DOI | 10.1007/s11869-011-0146-3 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Sumi Mehta, Hwashin Shin, Rick Burnett, Tiffany North, Aaron J. Cohen |
Abstract |
Acute lower respiratory infections (ALRI) account for nearly one fifth of mortality in young children worldwide and have been associated with exposures to indoor and outdoor sources of combustion-derived air pollution. A systematic review was conducted to identify relevant articles on air pollution and ALRI in children. Using a Bayesian approach to meta-analysis, a summary estimate of 1.12 (1.03, 1.30) increased risk in ALRI occurrence per 10 μg/m(3) increase in annual average PM2.5 concentration was derived from the longer-term (subchronic and chronic) effects studies. This analysis strengthens the evidence for a causal relationship between exposure to PM2.5 and the occurrence of ALRI and provides a basis for estimating the global attributable burden of mortality due to ALRI that is not influenced by the wide variation in regional case fatality rates. Most studies, however, have been conducted in settings with relatively low levels of PM2.5. Extrapolating their results to other, more polluted, regions will require a model that is informed by evidence from studies of the effects on ALRI of exposure to PM2.5 from other combustion sources, such as secondhand smoke and household solid fuel use. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United Kingdom | 5 | 26% |
United States | 2 | 11% |
Switzerland | 1 | 5% |
Canada | 1 | 5% |
India | 1 | 5% |
Unknown | 9 | 47% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 15 | 79% |
Scientists | 3 | 16% |
Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 1 | 5% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United States | 4 | 2% |
Canada | 2 | <1% |
Sweden | 1 | <1% |
Spain | 1 | <1% |
Uganda | 1 | <1% |
Unknown | 242 | 96% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Master | 46 | 18% |
Researcher | 42 | 17% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 31 | 12% |
Student > Bachelor | 20 | 8% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 16 | 6% |
Other | 44 | 18% |
Unknown | 52 | 21% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Medicine and Dentistry | 51 | 20% |
Environmental Science | 51 | 20% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 12 | 5% |
Nursing and Health Professions | 10 | 4% |
Engineering | 9 | 4% |
Other | 48 | 19% |
Unknown | 70 | 28% |