Title |
Size-independent symmetric division in extraordinarily long cells
|
---|---|
Published in |
Nature Communications, September 2014
|
DOI | 10.1038/ncomms5803 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Nika Pende, Nikolaus Leisch, Harald R. Gruber-Vodicka, Niels R. Heindl, Jörg Ott, Tanneke den Blaauwen, Silvia Bulgheresi |
Abstract |
Two long-standing paradigms in biology are that cells belonging to the same population exhibit little deviation from their average size and that symmetric cell division is size limited. Here, ultrastructural, morphometric and immunocytochemical analyses reveal that two Gammaproteobacteria attached to the cuticle of the marine nematodes Eubostrichus fertilis and E. dianeae reproduce by constricting a single FtsZ ring at midcell despite being 45 μm and 120 μm long, respectively. In the crescent-shaped bacteria coating E. fertilis, symmetric FtsZ-based fission occurs in cells with lengths spanning one order of magnitude. In the E. dianeae symbiont, formation of a single functional FtsZ ring makes this the longest unicellular organism in which symmetric division has ever been observed. In conclusion, the reproduction modes of two extraordinarily long bacterial cells indicate that size is not the primary trigger of division and that yet unknown mechanisms time the localization of both DNA and the septum. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United Kingdom | 2 | 17% |
United States | 2 | 17% |
Belgium | 1 | 8% |
Sweden | 1 | 8% |
Germany | 1 | 8% |
Austria | 1 | 8% |
Denmark | 1 | 8% |
Unknown | 3 | 25% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Scientists | 8 | 67% |
Members of the public | 3 | 25% |
Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 1 | 8% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Japan | 1 | 1% |
Spain | 1 | 1% |
Czechia | 1 | 1% |
France | 1 | 1% |
Unknown | 64 | 94% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Ph. D. Student | 23 | 34% |
Researcher | 12 | 18% |
Professor | 7 | 10% |
Student > Bachelor | 6 | 9% |
Student > Master | 4 | 6% |
Other | 9 | 13% |
Unknown | 7 | 10% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 28 | 41% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 17 | 25% |
Immunology and Microbiology | 5 | 7% |
Physics and Astronomy | 3 | 4% |
Environmental Science | 2 | 3% |
Other | 6 | 9% |
Unknown | 7 | 10% |