Title |
SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL PATTERNS OF AVIAN PARAMYXOVIRUS-1 OUTBREAKS IN DOUBLE-CRESTED CORMORANTS (PHALACROCORAX AURITUS) IN THE USA
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Published in |
Journal of Wildlife Diseases, January 2015
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DOI | 10.7589/2014-05-132 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
C. LeAnn White, Hon S. Ip, Carol U. Meteyer, Daniel P. Walsh, Jeffrey S. Hall, Michelle Carstensen, Paul C. Wolf |
Abstract |
Abstract Morbidity and mortality events caused by avian paramyxovirus-1 (APMV-1) in Double-crested Cormorant (DCCO; Phalacrocorax auritus) nesting colonies in the US and Canada have been sporadically documented in the literature. We describe APMV-1 associated outbreaks in DCCO in the US from the first reported occurrence in 1992 through 2012. The frequency of APMV-1 outbreaks has increased in the US over the last decade, but the majority of events have continued to occur in DCCO colonies in the Midwestern states. Although morbidity and mortality in conesting species has been frequently reported during DCCO APMV-1 outbreaks, our results suggest that isolation of APMV-1 is uncommon in species other than DCCO during APMV-1 outbreaks and that the cause of mortality in other species is associated with other pathogens. Populations of DCCO do not appear to have been significantly affected by this disease; however, because at least 65% of the APMV-1 outbreaks in DCCO in the US have involved APMV-1 strains classified as virulent to poultry (virulent Newcastle disease virus), its persistence and increased occurrence in DCCO warrants continued research and surveillance. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United States | 3 | 60% |
Canada | 1 | 20% |
Australia | 1 | 20% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 4 | 80% |
Scientists | 1 | 20% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United States | 4 | 9% |
Unknown | 41 | 91% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Researcher | 12 | 27% |
Other | 10 | 22% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 7 | 16% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 3 | 7% |
Student > Postgraduate | 3 | 7% |
Other | 5 | 11% |
Unknown | 5 | 11% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Veterinary Science and Veterinary Medicine | 13 | 29% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 12 | 27% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 8 | 18% |
Environmental Science | 2 | 4% |
Nursing and Health Professions | 1 | 2% |
Other | 3 | 7% |
Unknown | 6 | 13% |