Title |
Type I Interferon: Understanding Its Role in HIV Pathogenesis and Therapy
|
---|---|
Published in |
Current HIV/AIDS Reports, February 2015
|
DOI | 10.1007/s11904-014-0244-6 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Steven E. Bosinger, Netanya S. Utay |
Abstract |
Despite over 30 years of research, the contribution of type I interferons (IFN-Is) to both the control of HIV replication and initiation of immunologic damage remains debated. In acute infection, IFN-Is, likely from plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs), activate NK cells and upregulate restriction factors targeting virtually the entire HIV life cycle. In chronic infection, IFN-Is may also contribute to CD4 T cell loss and immune exhaustion. pDCs subsequently infiltrate lymphoid and mucosal tissues, and their circulating populations wane in chronic infection; IFN-I may be produced by other cells. Data from nonhuman primates indicate prompt IFN-I signaling is critical in acute infection. Whereas some studies showed IFN-I administration without combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) is beneficial, others suggest that stimulating or blocking IFN-I signaling in chronic ART-suppressed HIV infection has had positive results. Here, we describe the history of HIV and IFN-I, IFN-I's sources, IFN-I's effects on HIV control and host defense, and recent interventional studies in SIV and HIV infection. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
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Australia | 1 | 20% |
Netherlands | 1 | 20% |
Unknown | 3 | 60% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
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Scientists | 2 | 40% |
Members of the public | 2 | 40% |
Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 1 | 20% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
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Spain | 1 | 2% |
Unknown | 65 | 98% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
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Student > Ph. D. Student | 16 | 24% |
Researcher | 11 | 17% |
Student > Master | 7 | 11% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 6 | 9% |
Student > Bachelor | 6 | 9% |
Other | 5 | 8% |
Unknown | 15 | 23% |
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Chemistry | 2 | 3% |
Other | 3 | 5% |
Unknown | 14 | 21% |