Title |
Natural and man-made V-gene repertoires for antibody discovery
|
---|---|
Published in |
Frontiers in immunology, January 2012
|
DOI | 10.3389/fimmu.2012.00342 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
William J. J. Finlay, Juan C. Almagro |
Abstract |
Antibodies are the fastest-growing segment of the biologics market. The success of antibody-based drugs resides in their exquisite specificity, high potency, stability, solubility, safety, and relatively inexpensive manufacturing process in comparison with other biologics. We outline here the structural studies and fundamental principles that define how antibodies interact with diverse targets. We also describe the antibody repertoires and affinity maturation mechanisms of humans, mice, and chickens, plus the use of novel single-domain antibodies in camelids and sharks. These species all utilize diverse evolutionary solutions to generate specific and high affinity antibodies and illustrate the plasticity of natural antibody repertoires. In addition, we discuss the multiple variations of man-made antibody repertoires designed and validated in the last two decades, which have served as tools to explore how the size, diversity, and composition of a repertoire impact the antibody discovery process. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Switzerland | 1 | 50% |
Unknown | 1 | 50% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 2 | 100% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United States | 2 | 1% |
Portugal | 1 | <1% |
Switzerland | 1 | <1% |
Ireland | 1 | <1% |
Netherlands | 1 | <1% |
Canada | 1 | <1% |
United Kingdom | 1 | <1% |
Unknown | 141 | 95% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Researcher | 48 | 32% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 31 | 21% |
Student > Master | 13 | 9% |
Other | 10 | 7% |
Student > Bachelor | 9 | 6% |
Other | 19 | 13% |
Unknown | 19 | 13% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 60 | 40% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 28 | 19% |
Immunology and Microbiology | 17 | 11% |
Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science | 6 | 4% |
Engineering | 4 | 3% |
Other | 13 | 9% |
Unknown | 21 | 14% |