Title |
From “Personalized” to “Precision” Medicine: The Ethical and Social Implications of Rhetorical Reform in Genomic Medicine
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Published in |
The Hastings Center Report, September 2016
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DOI | 10.1002/hast.614 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Eric Juengst, Michelle L McGowan, Jennifer R Fishman, Richard A Settersten |
Abstract |
Since the late 1980s, the human genetics and genomics research community has been promising to usher in a "new paradigm for health care"-one that uses molecular profiling to identify human genetic variants implicated in multifactorial health risks. After the completion of the Human Genome Project in 2003, a wide range of stakeholders became committed to this "paradigm shift," creating a confluence of investment, advocacy, and enthusiasm that bears all the marks of a "scientific/intellectual social movement" within biomedicine. Proponents of this movement usually offer four ways in which their approach to medical diagnosis and health care improves upon current practices, arguing that it is more "personalized," "predictive," "preventive," and "participatory" than the medical status quo. Initially, it was personalization that seemed to best sum up the movement's appeal. By 2012, however, powerful opinion leaders were abandoning "personalized medicine" in favor of a new label: "precision medicine." The new label received a decisive seal of approval when, in January 2015, President Obama unveiled plans for a national "precision medicine initiative" to promote the development and use of genomic tools in health care. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United States | 8 | 33% |
Canada | 4 | 17% |
France | 1 | 4% |
Spain | 1 | 4% |
Switzerland | 1 | 4% |
United Kingdom | 1 | 4% |
Unknown | 8 | 33% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 11 | 46% |
Scientists | 10 | 42% |
Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 3 | 13% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United States | 1 | <1% |
Austria | 1 | <1% |
Unknown | 153 | 99% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Researcher | 31 | 20% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 26 | 17% |
Student > Master | 20 | 13% |
Student > Bachelor | 9 | 6% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 8 | 5% |
Other | 28 | 18% |
Unknown | 33 | 21% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Medicine and Dentistry | 22 | 14% |
Social Sciences | 22 | 14% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 12 | 8% |
Business, Management and Accounting | 7 | 5% |
Nursing and Health Professions | 6 | 4% |
Other | 41 | 26% |
Unknown | 45 | 29% |