Title |
Human T follicular helper clones seed the germinal center–resident regulatory pool
|
---|---|
Published in |
Science Immunology, April 2023
|
DOI | 10.1126/sciimmunol.ade8162 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Carole Le Coz, Derek A Oldridge, Ramin S Herati, Nina De Luna, James Garifallou, Emylette Cruz Cabrera, Jonathan P Belman, Dana Pueschl, Luisa V Silva, Ainsley V C Knox, Whitney Reid, Samuel Yoon, Karen B Zur, Steven D Handler, Hakon Hakonarson, E John Wherry, Michael Gonzalez, Neil Romberg |
Abstract |
The mechanisms by which FOXP3+ T follicular regulatory (Tfr) cells simultaneously steer antibody formation toward microbe or vaccine recognition and away from self-reactivity remain incompletely understood. To explore underappreciated heterogeneity in human Tfr cell development, function, and localization, we used paired TCRVA/TCRVB sequencing to distinguish tonsillar Tfr cells that are clonally related to natural regulatory T cells (nTfr) from those likely induced from T follicular helper (Tfh) cells (iTfr). The proteins iTfr and nTfr cells differentially expressed were used to pinpoint their in situ locations via multiplex microscopy and establish their divergent functional roles. In silico analyses and in vitro tonsil organoid tracking models corroborated the existence of separate Treg-to-nTfr and Tfh-to-iTfr developmental trajectories. Our results identify human iTfr cells as a distinct CD38+, germinal center-resident, Tfh-descended subset that gains suppressive function while retaining the capacity to help B cells, whereas CD38- nTfr cells are elite suppressors primarily localized in follicular mantles. Interventions differentially targeting specific Tfr cell subsets may provide therapeutic opportunities to boost immunity or more precisely treat autoimmune diseases. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United States | 30 | 23% |
India | 5 | 4% |
United Kingdom | 5 | 4% |
France | 4 | 3% |
Switzerland | 3 | 2% |
Netherlands | 3 | 2% |
Germany | 3 | 2% |
Mexico | 2 | 2% |
Canada | 2 | 2% |
Other | 15 | 12% |
Unknown | 56 | 44% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 86 | 67% |
Scientists | 30 | 23% |
Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 10 | 8% |
Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 2 | 2% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Unknown | 40 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Researcher | 10 | 25% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 9 | 23% |
Student > Bachelor | 6 | 15% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 2 | 5% |
Other | 2 | 5% |
Other | 3 | 8% |
Unknown | 8 | 20% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Immunology and Microbiology | 15 | 38% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 11 | 28% |
Veterinary Science and Veterinary Medicine | 1 | 3% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 1 | 3% |
Nursing and Health Professions | 1 | 3% |
Other | 2 | 5% |
Unknown | 9 | 23% |