Title |
A polychromatic ‘greenbeard’ locus determines patterns of cooperation in a social amoeba
|
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Published in |
Nature Communications, January 2017
|
DOI | 10.1038/ncomms14171 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Nicole Gruenheit, Katie Parkinson, Balint Stewart, Jennifer A. Howie, Jason B. Wolf, Christopher R. L. Thompson |
Abstract |
Cheaters disrupt cooperation by reaping the benefits without paying their fair share of associated costs. Cheater impact can be diminished if cooperators display a tag ('greenbeard') and recognise and preferentially direct cooperation towards other tag carriers. Despite its popular appeal, the feasibility of such greenbeards has been questioned because the complex patterns of partner-specific cooperative behaviours seen in nature require greenbeards to come in different colours. Here we show that a locus ('Tgr') of a social amoeba represents a polychromatic greenbeard. Patterns of natural Tgr locus sequence polymorphisms predict partner-specific patterns of cooperation by underlying variation in partner-specific protein-protein binding strength and recognition specificity. Finally, Tgr locus polymorphisms increase fitness because they help avoid potential costs of cooperating with incompatible partners. These results suggest that a polychromatic greenbeard can provide a key mechanism for the evolutionary maintenance of cooperation. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United Kingdom | 6 | 26% |
United States | 2 | 9% |
Finland | 1 | 4% |
Germany | 1 | 4% |
Canada | 1 | 4% |
Netherlands | 1 | 4% |
France | 1 | 4% |
Unknown | 10 | 43% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 11 | 48% |
Scientists | 10 | 43% |
Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 1 | 4% |
Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 1 | 4% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Japan | 1 | 1% |
Germany | 1 | 1% |
Unknown | 86 | 98% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Bachelor | 25 | 28% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 18 | 20% |
Student > Master | 9 | 10% |
Researcher | 7 | 8% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 4 | 5% |
Other | 12 | 14% |
Unknown | 13 | 15% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 32 | 36% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 21 | 24% |
Immunology and Microbiology | 4 | 5% |
Environmental Science | 3 | 3% |
Physics and Astronomy | 2 | 2% |
Other | 9 | 10% |
Unknown | 17 | 19% |