Title |
Microbiota alteration is associated with the development of stress-induced despair behavior
|
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Published in |
Scientific Reports, March 2017
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DOI | 10.1038/srep43859 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Ioana A. Marin, Jennifer E. Goertz, Tiantian Ren, Stephen S. Rich, Suna Onengut-Gumuscu, Emily Farber, Martin Wu, Christopher C. Overall, Jonathan Kipnis, Alban Gaultier |
Abstract |
Depressive disorders often run in families, which, in addition to the genetic component, may point to the microbiome as a causative agent. Here, we employed a combination of behavioral, molecular and computational techniques to test the role of the microbiota in mediating despair behavior. In chronically stressed mice displaying despair behavior, we found that the microbiota composition and the metabolic signature dramatically change. Specifically, we observed reduced Lactobacillus and increased circulating kynurenine levels as the most prominent changes in stressed mice. Restoring intestinal Lactobacillus levels was sufficient to improve the metabolic alterations and behavioral abnormalities. Mechanistically, we identified that Lactobacillus-derived reactive oxygen species may suppress host kynurenine metabolism, by inhibiting the expression of the metabolizing enzyme, IDO1, in the intestine. Moreover, maintaining elevated kynurenine levels during Lactobacillus supplementation diminished the treatment benefits. Collectively, our data provide a mechanistic scenario for how a microbiota player (Lactobacillus) may contribute to regulating metabolism and resilience during stress. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
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United States | 23 | 12% |
Japan | 20 | 10% |
United Kingdom | 14 | 7% |
Australia | 8 | 4% |
Spain | 8 | 4% |
Brazil | 6 | 3% |
Ireland | 4 | 2% |
Canada | 4 | 2% |
Germany | 4 | 2% |
Other | 16 | 8% |
Unknown | 88 | 45% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 153 | 78% |
Scientists | 26 | 13% |
Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 12 | 6% |
Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 4 | 2% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United States | 2 | <1% |
Switzerland | 1 | <1% |
Germany | 1 | <1% |
Russia | 1 | <1% |
Romania | 1 | <1% |
Unknown | 582 | 99% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
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Researcher | 87 | 15% |
Student > Bachelor | 81 | 14% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 78 | 13% |
Student > Master | 78 | 13% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 43 | 7% |
Other | 93 | 16% |
Unknown | 128 | 22% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
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Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 74 | 13% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 59 | 10% |
Neuroscience | 53 | 9% |
Immunology and Microbiology | 38 | 6% |
Other | 97 | 16% |
Unknown | 150 | 26% |