Title |
Epigenetic control of Epstein–Barr virus transcription – relevance to viral life cycle?
|
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Published in |
Frontiers in Genetics, January 2013
|
DOI | 10.3389/fgene.2013.00161 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Alison J. Sinclair |
Abstract |
DNA methylation normally leads to silencing of gene expression but Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) provides an exception to the epigenetic paradigm. DNA methylation is absolutely required for the expression of many viral genes. Although the viral genome is initially un-methylated in newly infected cells, it becomes extensively methylated during the establishment of viral latency. One of the major regulators of EBV gene expression is a viral transcription factor called Zta (BZLF1, ZEBRA, Z) that resembles the cellular AP1 transcription factor. Zta recognizes at least 32 variants of a 7-nucleotide DNA sequence element, the Zta-response element (ZRE), some of which contain a CpG motif. Zta only binds to the latter class of ZREs in their DNA-methylated form, whether they occur in viral or cellular promoters and is functionally relevant for the activity of these promoters. The ability of Zta to interpret the differential DNA methylation of the viral genome is paramount for both the establishment of viral latency and the release from latency to initiate viral replication. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
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Switzerland | 1 | 17% |
United Kingdom | 1 | 17% |
Belgium | 1 | 17% |
United States | 1 | 17% |
Unknown | 2 | 33% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
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Members of the public | 3 | 50% |
Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 2 | 33% |
Scientists | 1 | 17% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
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Netherlands | 1 | 5% |
Switzerland | 1 | 5% |
Unknown | 19 | 90% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
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Student > Doctoral Student | 4 | 19% |
Student > Master | 4 | 19% |
Researcher | 4 | 19% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 3 | 14% |
Professor | 1 | 5% |
Other | 1 | 5% |
Unknown | 4 | 19% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 9 | 43% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 6 | 29% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 1 | 5% |
Unknown | 5 | 24% |