Title |
Early Diverging Fungi: Diversity and Impact at the Dawn of Terrestrial Life
|
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Published in |
Annual Review of Microbiology, May 2017
|
DOI | 10.1146/annurev-micro-030117-020324 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Mary L Berbee, Timothy Y James, Christine Strullu-Derrien |
Abstract |
As decomposers or plant pathogens, fungi deploy invasive growth and powerful carbohydrate active enzymes to reduce multicellular plant tissues to humus and simple sugars. Fungi are perhaps also the most important mutualistic symbionts in modern ecosystems, transporting poorly soluble mineral nutrients to plants and thus enhancing the growth of vegetation. However, at their origin over a billion years ago, fungus-like plants and animals were unicellular marine microbes. Like the other multicellular kingdoms, Fungi evolved increased size, complexity, and metabolic functioning. Interactions of fungi with plants changed terrestrial ecology and geology and modified the Earth's atmosphere. In this review, we discuss the diversification and ecological roles of the fungi over their first 600 million years, from their origin through their colonization of land, drawing on phylogenomic evidence for their relationships and metabolic capabilities and on molecular dating, fossils, and modeling of Earth's paleoclimate. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Microbiology Volume 71 is September 8, 2017. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
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United States | 7 | 18% |
United Kingdom | 5 | 13% |
Canada | 2 | 5% |
Australia | 2 | 5% |
Netherlands | 2 | 5% |
Spain | 1 | 3% |
Japan | 1 | 3% |
Hungary | 1 | 3% |
Georgia | 1 | 3% |
Other | 1 | 3% |
Unknown | 17 | 43% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
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Scientists | 21 | 53% |
Members of the public | 18 | 45% |
Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 1 | 3% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Czechia | 1 | <1% |
Unknown | 297 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Ph. D. Student | 60 | 20% |
Researcher | 44 | 15% |
Student > Master | 34 | 11% |
Student > Bachelor | 33 | 11% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 15 | 5% |
Other | 37 | 12% |
Unknown | 75 | 25% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 100 | 34% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 58 | 19% |
Environmental Science | 24 | 8% |
Earth and Planetary Sciences | 10 | 3% |
Immunology and Microbiology | 4 | 1% |
Other | 17 | 6% |
Unknown | 85 | 29% |