Title |
Bench-to-bedside review: Bacterial pneumonia with influenza - pathogenesis and clinical implications
|
---|---|
Published in |
Critical Care, April 2010
|
DOI | 10.1186/cc8893 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Koenraad F van der Sluijs, Tom van der Poll, René Lutter, Nicole P Juffermans, Marcus J Schultz |
Abstract |
Seasonal and pandemic influenza are frequently complicated by bacterial infections, causing additional hospitalization and mortality. Secondary bacterial respiratory infection can be subdivided into combined viral/bacterial pneumonia and post-influenza pneumonia, which differ in their pathogenesis. During combined viral/bacterial infection, the virus, the bacterium and the host interact with each other. Post-influenza pneumonia may, at least in part, be due to resolution of inflammation caused by the primary viral infection. These mechanisms restore tissue homeostasis but greatly impair the host response against unrelated bacterial pathogens. In this review we summarize the underlying mechanisms leading to combined viral/bacterial infection or post-influenza pneumonia and highlight important considerations for effective treatment of bacterial pneumonia during and shortly after influenza. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United States | 9 | 30% |
Mexico | 2 | 7% |
Comoros | 1 | 3% |
Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of | 1 | 3% |
Malaysia | 1 | 3% |
United Kingdom | 1 | 3% |
Denmark | 1 | 3% |
Unknown | 14 | 47% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 18 | 60% |
Scientists | 7 | 23% |
Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 5 | 17% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United States | 3 | 2% |
Indonesia | 1 | <1% |
Thailand | 1 | <1% |
Brazil | 1 | <1% |
Japan | 1 | <1% |
Spain | 1 | <1% |
Unknown | 177 | 96% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Bachelor | 31 | 17% |
Researcher | 30 | 16% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 21 | 11% |
Student > Postgraduate | 19 | 10% |
Student > Master | 18 | 10% |
Other | 40 | 22% |
Unknown | 26 | 14% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Medicine and Dentistry | 72 | 39% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 31 | 17% |
Immunology and Microbiology | 22 | 12% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 12 | 6% |
Nursing and Health Professions | 2 | 1% |
Other | 9 | 5% |
Unknown | 37 | 20% |