Title |
Assessment of aflatoxins, ochratoxin A and zearalenone in breakfast cereals
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Published in |
Food Chemistry, August 2014
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DOI | 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.01.129 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Shahzad Zafar Iqbal, Tehmeena Rabbani, Muhammad Rafique Asi, S. Jinap |
Abstract |
Aflatoxins (AFs), ochratoxin A (OTA) and zearalenone (ZEN) were analysed in 237 breakfast cereal samples collected from central areas of Punjab, Pakistan. According to the results, 41% of the samples were found contaminated with AFs, out of which 16% and 8% samples were found to be above the European Union (EU) maximum content for AFB1 and total AFs, respectively. About 48% samples were found contaminated with OTA and 30% samples were found to be above the EU maximum content. The results have shown that 53% samples of breakfast cereals were found contaminated with ZEN and 8% samples were found to be above the permissible limit of EU. The highest mean level of AFB1 and total AFs were found in semolina i.e. 3.60 and 4.55 μg/kg, respectively. Similarly, semolina was the highest contaminated breakfast cereal for OTA (3.90 μg/kg), while cornflakes (brand B) was found highest contaminated with ZEN (13.45 μg/kg). |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
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United States | 1 | 50% |
Unknown | 1 | 50% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
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Members of the public | 2 | 100% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
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Algeria | 1 | 1% |
Portugal | 1 | 1% |
Unknown | 95 | 98% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
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Student > Ph. D. Student | 24 | 25% |
Student > Master | 15 | 15% |
Researcher | 11 | 11% |
Professor > Associate Professor | 6 | 6% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 6 | 6% |
Other | 20 | 21% |
Unknown | 15 | 15% |
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Chemistry | 15 | 15% |
Engineering | 7 | 7% |
Immunology and Microbiology | 5 | 5% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 4 | 4% |
Other | 17 | 18% |
Unknown | 24 | 25% |