Title |
Nutrikinetic modeling reveals order of genistein phase II metabolites appearance in human plasma
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Published in |
Molecular Nutrition & Food Research, August 2014
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DOI | 10.1002/mnfr.201400325 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Suzanne Smit, Ewa Szymańska, Iris Kunz, Victoria Gomez Roldan, Marcel W. E. M. van Tilborg, Peter Weber, Kevin Prudence, Frans M. van der Kloet, John P. M. van Duynhoven, Age K. Smilde, Ric C. H. de Vos, Igor Bendik |
Abstract |
Genistein from foods or supplements is metabolized by the gut microbiota and the human body, thereby releasing many different metabolites into systemic circulation. The order of their appearance in plasma and the possible influence of food format are still unknown. This study compared the nutrikinetic profiles of genistein metabolites METHODS AND RESULTS: In a randomized cross-over trial, twelve healthy young volunteers were administered a single dose of 30 mg genistein provided as a genistein tablet, a genistein tablet in low fat milk, and soy milk containing genistein glycosides. A high mass resolution LC-LTQ-Orbitrap FTMS platform detected and quantified in human plasma: free genistein, seven of its phase-II metabolites and fifteen gut-derived metabolites. Interestingly, a novel metabolite, genistein-4'-glucuronide-7-sulfate (G-4'G-7S) was identified. Nutrikinetic analysis using population based modeling revealed the order of appearance of five genistein phase II metabolites in plasma: (1) genistein-4',7-diglucuronide, (2) genistein-7-sulfate, (3) genistein-4'-sulfate-7-glucuronide, (4) genistein-4'-glucuronide and (5) genistein-7-glucuronide, independent of the food matrix. |
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Student > Master | 11 | 23% |
Researcher | 7 | 15% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 5 | 11% |
Student > Bachelor | 3 | 6% |
Professor > Associate Professor | 3 | 6% |
Other | 8 | 17% |
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Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 3 | 6% |
Other | 5 | 11% |
Unknown | 13 | 28% |