| Chapter title |
Cannabinoid Receptors in Regulating the GI Tract: Experimental Evidence and Therapeutic Relevance
|
|---|---|
| Chapter number | 105 |
| Book title |
Gastrointestinal Pharmacology
|
| Published in |
Handbook of experimental pharmacology, February 2017
|
| DOI | 10.1007/164_2016_105 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Book ISBNs |
978-3-31-956359-6, 978-3-31-956360-2
|
| Authors |
Taschler, Ulrike, Hasenoehrl, Carina, Storr, Martin, Schicho, Rudolf, Ulrike Taschler, Carina Hasenoehrl, Martin Storr, Rudolf Schicho |
| Abstract |
Cannabinoid receptors are fundamentally involved in all aspects of intestinal physiology, such as motility, secretion, and epithelial barrier function. They are part of a broader entity, the so-called endocannabinoid system which also includes their endocannabinoid ligands and the ligands' synthesizing/degrading enzymes. The system has a strong impact on the pathophysiology of the gastrointestinal tract and is believed to maintain homeostasis in the gut by controlling hypercontractility and by promoting regeneration after injury. For instance, genetic knockout of cannabinoid receptor 1 leads to inflammation and cancer of the intestines. Derivatives of Δ(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol, such as nabilone and dronabinol, activate cannabinoid receptors and have been introduced into the clinic to treat chemotherapy-induced emesis and loss of appetite; however, they may cause many psychotropic side effects. New drugs that interfere with endocannabinoid degradation to raise endocannabinoid levels circumvent this obstacle and could be used in the future to treat emesis, intestinal inflammation, and functional disorders associated with visceral hyperalgesia. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Australia | 1 | 25% |
| United States | 1 | 25% |
| Unknown | 2 | 50% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 4 | 100% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Unknown | 53 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Master | 8 | 15% |
| Student > Bachelor | 7 | 13% |
| Researcher | 6 | 11% |
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 6 | 11% |
| Student > Postgraduate | 4 | 8% |
| Other | 7 | 13% |
| Unknown | 15 | 28% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Medicine and Dentistry | 10 | 19% |
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 7 | 13% |
| Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science | 5 | 9% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 4 | 8% |
| Neuroscience | 3 | 6% |
| Other | 8 | 15% |
| Unknown | 16 | 30% |