Title |
Immunity, safety and protection of an Adenovirus 5 prime - Modified Vaccinia virus Ankara boost subunit vaccine against Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis infection in calves
|
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Published in |
Veterinary Research, October 2014
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DOI | 10.1186/s13567-014-0112-9 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Tim J Bull, Christina Vrettou, Richard Linedale, Catherine McGuinnes, Sam Strain, Jim McNair, Sarah C Gilbert, Jayne C Hope |
Abstract |
Ketamine is widely used in equine anaesthesia. Beside its anaesthetic and analgesic properties, ketamine possesses a cytokine-modulating activity. However, to date, no data are available regarding the inhibitory effect of ketamine on the cytokine response in horses. In horses, cytokines such as tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of equine endotoxaemia following gastrointestinal disorders. Hence, the objective of this study was to assess the influence of ketamine on LPS-induced TNF-alpha and IL-6 formation in an equine macrophage cell line (eCAS cells). The results demonstrate a cytokine-modulating activity of ketamine in an equine cell line, suggesting a beneficial role for ketamine in the treatment of equine endotoxaemia. |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Japan | 1 | 1% |
Poland | 1 | 1% |
South Africa | 1 | 1% |
Unknown | 77 | 96% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Researcher | 13 | 16% |
Student > Bachelor | 11 | 14% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 7 | 9% |
Student > Postgraduate | 3 | 4% |
Professor | 3 | 4% |
Other | 13 | 16% |
Unknown | 30 | 38% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 15 | 19% |
Veterinary Science and Veterinary Medicine | 9 | 11% |
Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science | 6 | 8% |
Immunology and Microbiology | 6 | 8% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 4 | 5% |
Other | 6 | 8% |
Unknown | 34 | 43% |