Title |
Unifying concepts in stimulus-secretion coupling in endocrine cells and some implications for therapeutics
|
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Published in |
Advances in Physiology Education, September 2009
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DOI | 10.1152/advan.90213.2008 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Stanley Misler |
Abstract |
Stimulus-secretion coupling (SSC) in endocrine cells remains underappreciated as a subject for the study/teaching of general physiology. In the present article, we review key new electrophysiological, electrochemical, and fluorescence optical techniques for the study of exocytosis in single cells that have made this a fertile area for recent research. Based on findings using these techniques, we developed a model of SSC for adrenal chromaffin cells that blends features of Ca(2+) entry-dependent SSC (characteristic of neurons) with G protein receptor-coupled, Ca(2+) release-dependent, and second messenger-dependent SSC (characteristic of epithelial exocrine cells and nucleated blood cells). This model requires two distinct pools of secretory graunules with differing Ca(2+) sensitivities. We extended this model to account for SSC in a wide variety of peripheral and hypothalamic/pituitary-based endocrine cells. These include osmosensitive magnocellular neurosecretory cells releasing antidiuretic hormone, stretch-sensitive atrial myocytes secreting atrial natriuretic peptide, K(+)-sensitive adrenal glomerulosa cells secreting aldosterone, Ca(2+)-sensitive parathyroid chief cells secreting parathyroid hormone, and glucose-sensitive beta- and alpha-cells of pancreatic islets secreting insulin and glucagon, respectively. We conclude this article with implications of this approach for pathophysiology and therapeutics, including defects in chief cell Ca(2+) sensitivity, resulting in the hyperparathyroidism of renal disease, and defects in biphasic insulin secretion, resulting in diabetes mellitus. |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Unknown | 20 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Professor | 5 | 25% |
Student > Master | 3 | 15% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 3 | 15% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 2 | 10% |
Student > Bachelor | 2 | 10% |
Other | 2 | 10% |
Unknown | 3 | 15% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 4 | 20% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 3 | 15% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 3 | 15% |
Engineering | 2 | 10% |
Neuroscience | 2 | 10% |
Other | 2 | 10% |
Unknown | 4 | 20% |