Title |
Weight loss moderately affects the mixed meal challenge response of the plasma metabolome and transcriptome of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in abdominally obese subjects
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Published in |
Metabolomics, March 2018
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DOI | 10.1007/s11306-018-1328-x |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Parastoo Fazelzadeh, Roland W. J. Hangelbroek, Peter J. Joris, Casper G. Schalkwijk, Diederik Esser, Lydia Afman, Thomas Hankemeier, Doris M. Jacobs, Velitchka V. Mihaleva, Sander Kersten, John van Duynhoven, Mark V. Boekschoten |
Abstract |
The response to dietary challenges has been proposed as a more accurate measure of metabolic health than static measurements performed in the fasted state. This has prompted many groups to explore the potential of dietary challenge tests for assessment of diet and lifestyle induced shifts in metabolic phenotype. We examined whether the response to a mixed-meal challenge could provide a readout for a weight loss (WL)-induced phenotype shift in abdominally obese male subjects. The underlying assumption of a mixed meal challenge is that it triggers all aspects of phenotypic flexibility and provokes a more prolonged insulin response, possibly allowing for better differentiation between individuals. Abdominally obese men (n = 29, BMI = 30.3 ± 2.4 kg/m2) received a mixed-meal challenge prior to and after an 8-week WL or no-WL control intervention. Lean subjects (n = 15, BMI = 23.0 ± 2.0 kg/m2) only received the mixed meal challenge at baseline to have a benchmark for WL-induced phenotype shifts. Levels of several plasma metabolites were significantly different between lean and abdominally obese at baseline as well as during postprandial metabolic responses. Genes related to oxidative phosphorylation in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were expressed at higher levels in abdominally obese subjects as compared to lean subjects at fasting, which was partially reverted after WL. The impact of WL on the postprandial response was modest, both at the metabolic and gene expression level in PBMCs. We conclude that mixed-meal challenges are not necessarily superior to measurements in the fasted state to assess metabolic health. Furthermore, the mechanisms accounting for the observed differences between lean and abdominally obese in the fasted state are different from those underlying the dissimilarity observed during the postprandial response. |
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Country | Count | As % |
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United States | 3 | 19% |
Denmark | 2 | 13% |
Qatar | 2 | 13% |
France | 1 | 6% |
Canada | 1 | 6% |
India | 1 | 6% |
Unknown | 6 | 38% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
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Members of the public | 8 | 50% |
Scientists | 6 | 38% |
Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 1 | 6% |
Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 1 | 6% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Unknown | 52 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Ph. D. Student | 10 | 19% |
Student > Master | 10 | 19% |
Researcher | 9 | 17% |
Student > Bachelor | 4 | 8% |
Professor | 3 | 6% |
Other | 4 | 8% |
Unknown | 12 | 23% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 10 | 19% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 8 | 15% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 5 | 10% |
Nursing and Health Professions | 3 | 6% |
Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science | 1 | 2% |
Other | 5 | 10% |
Unknown | 20 | 38% |