Title |
The Yellowstone magmatic system from the mantle plume to the upper crust
|
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Published in |
Science, April 2015
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DOI | 10.1126/science.aaa5648 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Hsin-Hua Huang, Fan-Chi Lin, Brandon Schmandt, Jamie Farrell, Robert B Smith, Victor C Tsai |
Abstract |
The Yellowstone supervolcano is one of the largest active continental silicic volcanic fields in the world. An understanding of its properties is key to enhancing our knowledge of volcanic mechanisms and corresponding risk. Using a joint local and teleseismic earthquake P-wave seismic inversion, we unveil a basaltic lower-crustal magma body that provides a magmatic link between the Yellowstone mantle plume and the previously imaged upper-crustal magma reservoir. This lower-crustal magma body has a volume of 46,000 km(3), ~4.5 times larger than the upper-crustal magma reservoir, and contains a melt fraction of ~2%. These estimates are critical to understanding the evolution of bimodal basaltic-rhyolitic volcanism, explaining the magnitude of CO2 discharge, and constraining dynamic models of the magmatic system for volcanic hazard assessment. |
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United Kingdom | 16 | 14% |
Germany | 3 | 3% |
Japan | 3 | 3% |
Brazil | 2 | 2% |
Spain | 2 | 2% |
South Africa | 2 | 2% |
Italy | 1 | <1% |
Puerto Rico | 1 | <1% |
Other | 14 | 12% |
Unknown | 42 | 36% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
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Scientists | 18 | 16% |
Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 8 | 7% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United States | 6 | 2% |
New Zealand | 2 | <1% |
Japan | 1 | <1% |
United Kingdom | 1 | <1% |
Unknown | 232 | 96% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
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Researcher | 45 | 19% |
Student > Bachelor | 27 | 11% |
Student > Master | 25 | 10% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 16 | 7% |
Other | 39 | 16% |
Unknown | 32 | 13% |
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Environmental Science | 5 | 2% |
Engineering | 4 | 2% |
Unspecified | 4 | 2% |
Computer Science | 3 | 1% |
Other | 14 | 6% |
Unknown | 48 | 20% |