Title |
Cubozoan genome illuminates functional diversification of opsins and photoreceptor evolution
|
---|---|
Published in |
Scientific Reports, July 2015
|
DOI | 10.1038/srep11885 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Michaela Liegertová, Jiří Pergner, Iryna Kozmiková, Peter Fabian, Antonio R. Pombinho, Hynek Strnad, Jan Pačes, Čestmír Vlček, Petr Bartůněk, Zbyněk Kozmik |
Abstract |
Animals sense light primarily by an opsin-based photopigment present in a photoreceptor cell. Cnidaria are arguably the most basal phylum containing a well-developed visual system. The evolutionary history of opsins in the animal kingdom has not yet been resolved. Here, we study the evolution of animal opsins by genome-wide analysis of the cubozoan jellyfish Tripedalia cystophora, a cnidarian possessing complex lens-containing eyes and minor photoreceptors. A large number of opsin genes with distinct tissue- and stage-specific expression were identified. Our phylogenetic analysis unequivocally classifies cubozoan opsins as a sister group to c-opsins and documents lineage-specific expansion of the opsin gene repertoire in the cubozoan genome. Functional analyses provided evidence for the use of the Gs-cAMP signaling pathway in a small set of cubozoan opsins, indicating the possibility that the majority of other cubozoan opsins signal via distinct pathways. Additionally, these tests uncovered subtle differences among individual opsins, suggesting possible fine-tuning for specific photoreceptor tasks. Based on phylogenetic, expression and biochemical analysis we propose that rapid lineage- and species-specific duplications of the intron-less opsin genes and their subsequent functional diversification promoted evolution of a large repertoire of both visual and extraocular photoreceptors in cubozoans. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United Kingdom | 2 | 33% |
United States | 2 | 33% |
Japan | 1 | 17% |
Unknown | 1 | 17% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Scientists | 4 | 67% |
Members of the public | 2 | 33% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Brazil | 2 | 2% |
Norway | 1 | 1% |
United States | 1 | 1% |
Unknown | 85 | 96% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Ph. D. Student | 23 | 26% |
Researcher | 17 | 19% |
Student > Bachelor | 10 | 11% |
Student > Master | 10 | 11% |
Professor > Associate Professor | 5 | 6% |
Other | 8 | 9% |
Unknown | 16 | 18% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 37 | 42% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 23 | 26% |
Neuroscience | 4 | 4% |
Environmental Science | 2 | 2% |
Chemistry | 2 | 2% |
Other | 2 | 2% |
Unknown | 19 | 21% |