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X Demographics
Mendeley readers
Attention Score in Context
| Title |
Formation of highly toxic hydrogen cyanide upon ruby laser irradiation of the tattoo pigment phthalocyanine blue
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Scientific Reports, August 2015
|
| DOI | 10.1038/srep12915 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Ines Schreiver, Christoph Hutzler, Peter Laux, Hans-Peter Berlien, Andreas Luch |
| Abstract |
Since laser treatment of tattoos is the favored method for the removing of no longer wanted permanent skin paintings, analytical, biokinetics and toxicological data on the fragmentation pattern of commonly used pigments are urgently required for health safety reasons. Applying dynamic headspace-gas chromatography with mass spectrometric detection (DHS-GC/MS) and comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled to time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GCxGC-ToF-MS), we identified 1,2-benzene dicarbonitrile, benzonitrile, benzene, and the poisonous gas hydrogen cyanide (HCN) as main fragmentation products emerging dose-dependently upon ruby laser irradiation of the popular blue pigment copper phthalocyanine in suspension. Skin cell viability was found to be significantly compromised at cyanide levels of ≥1 mM liberated during ruby laser irradiation of >1.5 mg/ml phthalocyanine blue. Further, for the first time we introduce pyrolysis-GC/MS as method suitable to simulate pigment fragmentation that may occur spontaneously or during laser removal of organic pigments in the living skin of tattooed people. According to the literature such regular tattoos hold up to 9 mg pigment/cm(2) skin. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profiles of 41 X users who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United States | 4 | 10% |
| United Kingdom | 4 | 10% |
| Canada | 3 | 7% |
| Australia | 3 | 7% |
| Germany | 2 | 5% |
| Austria | 1 | 2% |
| New Zealand | 1 | 2% |
| Comoros | 1 | 2% |
| Finland | 1 | 2% |
| Other | 0 | 0% |
| Unknown | 21 | 51% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 39 | 95% |
| Scientists | 2 | 5% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 40 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Spain | 1 | 3% |
| Germany | 1 | 3% |
| Unknown | 38 | 95% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 7 | 18% |
| Student > Master | 6 | 15% |
| Other | 5 | 13% |
| Student > Doctoral Student | 4 | 10% |
| Researcher | 3 | 8% |
| Other | 7 | 18% |
| Unknown | 8 | 20% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Medicine and Dentistry | 9 | 23% |
| Chemistry | 4 | 10% |
| Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science | 3 | 8% |
| Environmental Science | 2 | 5% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 2 | 5% |
| Other | 9 | 23% |
| Unknown | 11 | 28% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 123. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 22 May 2023.
All research outputs
#322,311
of 24,542,484 outputs
Outputs from Scientific Reports
#3,634
of 133,816 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#3,651
of 269,116 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Scientific Reports
#51
of 1,957 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 24,542,484 research outputs across all sources so far. Compared to these this one has done particularly well and is in the 98th percentile: it's in the top 5% of all research outputs ever tracked by Altmetric.
So far Altmetric has tracked 133,816 research outputs from this source. They typically receive a lot more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 18.6. This one has done particularly well, scoring higher than 97% of its peers.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 269,116 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one has done particularly well, scoring higher than 98% of its contemporaries.
We're also able to compare this research output to 1,957 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one has done particularly well, scoring higher than 97% of its contemporaries.