Title |
Stem cell‐derived exosomes: roles in stromal remodeling, tumor progression, and cancer immunotherapy
|
---|---|
Published in |
Cancer Communications, September 2015
|
DOI | 10.1186/s40880-015-0051-5 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Farah Fatima, Muhammad Nawaz |
Abstract |
Stem cells are known to maintain stemness at least in part through secreted factors that promote stem-like phenotypes in resident cells. Accumulating evidence has clarified that stem cells release nano-vesicles, known as exosomes, which may serve as mediators of cell-to-cell communication and may potentially transmit stem cell phenotypes to recipient cells, facilitating stem cell maintenance, differentiation, self-renewal, and repair. It has become apparent that stem cell-derived exosomes mediate interactions among stromal elements, promote genetic instability in recipient cells, and induce malignant transformation. This review will therefore discuss the potential of stem cell-derived exosomes in the context of stromal remodeling and their ability to generate cancer-initiating cells in a tumor niche by inducing morphologic and functional differentiation of fibroblasts into tumor-initiating fibroblasts. In addition, the immunosuppressive potential of stem cell-derived exosomes in cancer immunotherapy and their prospective applications in cell-free therapies in future translational medicine is discussed. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Brazil | 1 | 25% |
Austria | 1 | 25% |
Unknown | 2 | 50% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 2 | 50% |
Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 1 | 25% |
Scientists | 1 | 25% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Iran, Islamic Republic of | 1 | <1% |
United States | 1 | <1% |
Denmark | 1 | <1% |
Unknown | 131 | 98% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Ph. D. Student | 33 | 25% |
Student > Master | 26 | 19% |
Researcher | 19 | 14% |
Student > Bachelor | 11 | 8% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 5 | 4% |
Other | 16 | 12% |
Unknown | 24 | 18% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 36 | 27% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 28 | 21% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 23 | 17% |
Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science | 4 | 3% |
Engineering | 3 | 2% |
Other | 13 | 10% |
Unknown | 27 | 20% |