Title |
Infectious dose and repeated infections are key factors influencing immune response characteristics in guinea pig ocular chlamydial infection
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Published in |
Microbes & Infection, December 2015
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DOI | 10.1016/j.micinf.2015.12.001 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Sandra Belij-Rammerstorfer, Aleksandra Inic-Kanada, Marijana Stojanovic, Emilija Marinkovic, Ivana Lukic, Elisabeth Stein, Jacqueline Montanaro, Nora Bintner, Nadine Schürer, Ehsan Ghasemian, Michael Kundi, Talin Barisani-Asenbauer |
Abstract |
The aim of this study was to determine whether infectious dose of Chlamydia caviae after repeated infections influences the immunological responses and subsequent clearance of pathogen at the ocular surface of guinea pigs. Animals were infected three times via the conjunctiva at six- and twelve-week intervals by applying either 1 × 10(4) or 1 × 10(6) inclusion-forming units (IFUs) of C. caviae. Ocular pathology, infection course, C. caviae-specific serum IgG levels and their capacity to bind and neutralize infection ex vivo were assessed. Animals infected with 1 × 10(4) IFUs had completely diminished ocular infection and pathology after the 2(nd) infection with increased levels of C. caviae-specific serum IgG and their effective capacity to bind and neutralize C. caviae. Only partial protection was observed in animals infected with 1 × 10(6) IFUs after the 2(nd) and 3(rd) infections. Our findings show that full protection was observed in animals repeatedly infected with the lower dose. The lower dose appeared not to compromise the host immune system, thereby enabling fast clearance of the pathogen and the establishment of competent neutralizing antibodies. |
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Portugal | 1 | 10% |
Ecuador | 1 | 10% |
United Kingdom | 1 | 10% |
Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of | 1 | 10% |
Kenya | 1 | 10% |
United States | 1 | 10% |
Unknown | 4 | 40% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
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Scientists | 4 | 40% |
Members of the public | 4 | 40% |
Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 2 | 20% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
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---|---|---|
Unknown | 22 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Researcher | 7 | 32% |
Student > Master | 4 | 18% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 3 | 14% |
Professor > Associate Professor | 2 | 9% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 1 | 5% |
Other | 0 | 0% |
Unknown | 5 | 23% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Veterinary Science and Veterinary Medicine | 3 | 14% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 3 | 14% |
Immunology and Microbiology | 3 | 14% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 2 | 9% |
Nursing and Health Professions | 2 | 9% |
Other | 2 | 9% |
Unknown | 7 | 32% |