Title |
Validating the Children’s Depression Inventory in the context of Rwanda
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Published in |
BMC Pediatrics, February 2016
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DOI | 10.1186/s12887-016-0565-2 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Agnes Binagwaho, Mary C. Smith Fawzi, Mawuena Agbonyitor, Sabin Nsanzimana, Corine Karema, Eric Remera, Vincent Mutabazi, Cyprien Shyirambere, Patrick Cyamatare, Cameron Nutt, Claire Wagner, Jeanine Condo, Nancy Misago, Yvonne Kayiteshonga |
Abstract |
Depression is often co-morbid with chronic conditions, and when combined with HIV it can increase progression and reduce survival. A brief and accurate screening tool for depression among children living with HIV is necessary to increase access to mental health care and improve HIV-related outcomes in the long-term. A validation study was conducted, comparing the Children's Depression Inventory (CDI) with a structured clinical assessment as the gold standard among children living with HIV ages 7-14 years in Rwanda. The response rate was 87 % and the analysis was performed among 100 study participants. Twenty-five percent of children had a diagnosis of depression based on the clinical interview. Sensitivity of the CDI ranged from 44 to 76 % and specificity was 92 to 100 % for cut-off scores from 5 to 9. The area under the curve (AUC) for receiver operating characteristic analysis, an estimate of overall accuracy, was 0.87 (95 % confidence interval: 0.77 - 0.97). The significant prevalence of depression among children living with HIV in Rwanda reflects a critical need to advance mental health care in this population. Although overall accuracy of the CDI is reasonable in this context, further research needs to be done to develop a more sensitive measure of depression in this vulnerable population. Development of a highly sensitive screening measure will be a fundamental step towards improving access to mental health care among children living with HIV, potentially improving health outcomes and quality of life in the long-term as this vulnerable population transitions into adulthood. |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Rwanda | 1 | <1% |
Unknown | 140 | 99% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Master | 31 | 22% |
Researcher | 22 | 16% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 12 | 9% |
Student > Bachelor | 10 | 7% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 10 | 7% |
Other | 24 | 17% |
Unknown | 32 | 23% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Medicine and Dentistry | 37 | 26% |
Nursing and Health Professions | 19 | 13% |
Psychology | 17 | 12% |
Social Sciences | 9 | 6% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 3 | 2% |
Other | 15 | 11% |
Unknown | 41 | 29% |