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X Demographics
Mendeley readers
Attention Score in Context
| Title |
Testosterone and Cortisol Release among Spanish Soccer Fans Watching the 2010 World Cup Final
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
PLOS ONE, April 2012
|
| DOI | 10.1371/journal.pone.0034814 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Leander van der Meij, Mercedes Almela, Vanesa Hidalgo, Carolina Villada, Hans IJzerman, Paul A. M. van Lange, Alicia Salvador |
| Abstract |
This field study investigated the release of testosterone and cortisol of a vicarious winning experience in Spanish fans watching the finals between Spain and the Netherlands in the 2010 FIFA World Cup Soccer. Spanish fans (n = 50) watched the match with friends or family in a public place or at home and also participated in a control condition. Consistent with hypotheses, results revealed that testosterone and cortisol levels were higher when watching the match than on a control day. However, neither testosterone nor cortisol levels increased after the victory of the Spanish team. Moreover, the increase in testosterone secretion was not related to participants' sex, age or soccer fandom, but the increase in total cortisol secretion during the match was higher among men than among women and among fans that were younger. Also, increases in cortisol secretion were greater to the degree that people were a stronger fan of soccer. Level of fandom further appeared to account for the sex effect, but not for the age effect. Generally, the testosterone data from this study are in line with the challenge hypothesis, as testosterone levels of watchers increased to prepare their organism to defend or enhance their social status. The cortisol data from this study are in line with social self-preservation theory, as higher cortisol secretion among young and greater soccer fans suggests that especially they perceived that a negative outcome of the match would threaten their own social esteem. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profiles of 95 X users who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United States | 11 | 12% |
| Spain | 6 | 6% |
| Netherlands | 5 | 5% |
| Germany | 4 | 4% |
| Argentina | 4 | 4% |
| United Kingdom | 3 | 3% |
| Mexico | 2 | 2% |
| France | 2 | 2% |
| Paraguay | 2 | 2% |
| Other | 14 | 15% |
| Unknown | 42 | 44% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 84 | 88% |
| Scientists | 5 | 5% |
| Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 4 | 4% |
| Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 2 | 2% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 106 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Germany | 3 | 3% |
| Portugal | 2 | 2% |
| Switzerland | 1 | <1% |
| Netherlands | 1 | <1% |
| France | 1 | <1% |
| United Kingdom | 1 | <1% |
| Unknown | 97 | 92% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Researcher | 19 | 18% |
| Student > Master | 14 | 13% |
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 13 | 12% |
| Student > Bachelor | 13 | 12% |
| Professor > Associate Professor | 12 | 11% |
| Other | 26 | 25% |
| Unknown | 9 | 8% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Psychology | 33 | 31% |
| Medicine and Dentistry | 13 | 12% |
| Sports and Recreations | 13 | 12% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 9 | 8% |
| Social Sciences | 6 | 6% |
| Other | 12 | 11% |
| Unknown | 20 | 19% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 192. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 04 May 2023.
All research outputs
#212,394
of 25,895,862 outputs
Outputs from PLOS ONE
#3,127
of 225,836 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#851
of 175,191 outputs
Outputs of similar age from PLOS ONE
#44
of 3,738 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 25,895,862 research outputs across all sources so far. Compared to these this one has done particularly well and is in the 99th percentile: it's in the top 5% of all research outputs ever tracked by Altmetric.
So far Altmetric has tracked 225,836 research outputs from this source. They typically receive a lot more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 15.9. This one has done particularly well, scoring higher than 98% of its peers.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 175,191 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one has done particularly well, scoring higher than 99% of its contemporaries.
We're also able to compare this research output to 3,738 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one has done particularly well, scoring higher than 98% of its contemporaries.