Title |
Molecular mechanisms of regulation of Toll-like receptor signaling
|
---|---|
Published in |
Journal of Leukocyte Biology, June 2016
|
DOI | 10.1189/jlb.2mr0316-117rr |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Cynthia A Leifer, Andrei E Medvedev |
Abstract |
TLRs play a critical role in the detection of microbes and endogenous "alarmins" to initiate host defense, yet they can also contribute to the development and progression of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. To avoid pathogenic inflammation, TLR signaling is subject to multilayer regulatory control mechanisms, including cooperation with coreceptors, post-translational modifications, cleavage, cellular trafficking, and interactions with negative regulators. Nucleic acid-sensing TLRs are particularly interesting in this regard, as they can both recognize host-derived structures and require internalization of their ligand as a result of intracellular sequestration of the nucleic acid-sensing TLRs. This review summarizes the regulatory mechanisms of TLRs, including regulation of their access to ligands, receptor folding, intracellular trafficking, and post-translational modifications, as well as how altered control mechanism could contribute to inflammatory and autoimmune disorders. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Canada | 1 | 33% |
Unknown | 2 | 67% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 3 | 100% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United Kingdom | 1 | <1% |
Germany | 1 | <1% |
Australia | 1 | <1% |
Brazil | 1 | <1% |
Unknown | 218 | 98% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Ph. D. Student | 38 | 17% |
Researcher | 36 | 16% |
Student > Master | 33 | 15% |
Student > Bachelor | 31 | 14% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 14 | 6% |
Other | 24 | 11% |
Unknown | 46 | 21% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 48 | 22% |
Immunology and Microbiology | 38 | 17% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 37 | 17% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 18 | 8% |
Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science | 8 | 4% |
Other | 17 | 8% |
Unknown | 56 | 25% |