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Tryptophan-based chromophore in fluorescent proteins can be anionic

Overview of attention for article published in Scientific Reports, August 2012
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Title
Tryptophan-based chromophore in fluorescent proteins can be anionic
Published in
Scientific Reports, August 2012
DOI 10.1038/srep00608
Pubmed ID
Authors

Karen S. Sarkisyan, Ilia V. Yampolsky, Kyril M. Solntsev, Sergey A. Lukyanov, Konstantin A. Lukyanov, Alexander S. Mishin

Abstract

Cyan fluorescent proteins (CFP) with tryptophan66-based chromophore are widely used for live cell imaging. In contrast to green and red fluorescent proteins, no charged states of the CFP chromophore have been described. Here, we studied synthetic CFP chromophore and found that its indole group can be deprotonated rather easily (pKa 12.4).We then reproduced this effect in the CFP mCerulean by placing basic amino acids in the chromophore microenvironment. As a result, green-emitting variant with an anionic chromophore and key substitution Val61Lys was obtained. This is the first evidence strongly suggesting that tryptophan-based chromophores in fluorescent proteins can exist in an anionic charged state. Switching between protonated and deprotonated Trp66 in fluorescent proteins represents a new unexplored way to control their spectral properties.

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Mendeley readers

Mendeley readers

The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 80 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.

Geographical breakdown

Country Count As %
Mexico 1 1%
Netherlands 1 1%
Russia 1 1%
Germany 1 1%
Unknown 76 95%

Demographic breakdown

Readers by professional status Count As %
Researcher 18 23%
Student > Ph. D. Student 16 20%
Student > Bachelor 14 18%
Student > Master 12 15%
Professor 2 3%
Other 8 10%
Unknown 10 13%
Readers by discipline Count As %
Agricultural and Biological Sciences 19 24%
Chemistry 16 20%
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology 14 18%
Physics and Astronomy 4 5%
Immunology and Microbiology 3 4%
Other 13 16%
Unknown 11 14%
Attention Score in Context

Attention Score in Context

This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 2. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 12 September 2012.
All research outputs
#14,732,278
of 22,675,759 outputs
Outputs from Scientific Reports
#71,503
of 122,163 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#104,780
of 170,147 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Scientific Reports
#147
of 212 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 22,675,759 research outputs across all sources so far. This one is in the 32nd percentile – i.e., 32% of other outputs scored the same or lower than it.
So far Altmetric has tracked 122,163 research outputs from this source. They typically receive a lot more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 18.2. This one is in the 37th percentile – i.e., 37% of its peers scored the same or lower than it.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 170,147 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one is in the 36th percentile – i.e., 36% of its contemporaries scored the same or lower than it.
We're also able to compare this research output to 212 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one is in the 27th percentile – i.e., 27% of its contemporaries scored the same or lower than it.