There is a lack of objective data documenting the growth of cone beam radiology in Australia. Since July 1 2011, Medicare rebates for CBCT scans have been available. The aim of this study was to examine the Medicare data on the use of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT), in order to quantify the growth of this technology over a three year period and to assess if the growth of Medicare rebatable CBCT was impacting upon the use of Medicare rebatable dental panoramic radiology (PR). In the period of July 2011 to June 2014, a total of 226,232 CBCTs and 2,881,351 panoramic radiographs were rebated through Medicare. The rate of CBCT services provided per 100,000 population increased by 42.3 percent over the three year period, whereas the rate of panoramic radiographs remained fairly constant. From the age group 5-14 years through to 55-64 years, females received more CBCTs and panoramic radiographs than males. The total number of panoramic radiographs rebated through Medicare increased slightly over each previous three year time periods (2005-2008 and 2008-2011). However, there was a steady decrease in the number of panoramic radiographs requested for surgical diagnosis, which may indicate a growing preference for CBCT radiology assessment for surgical assessments. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.