Title |
Kinetochore-localized PP1–Sds22 couples chromosome segregation to polar relaxation
|
---|---|
Published in |
Nature, July 2015
|
DOI | 10.1038/nature14496 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Nelio T. L. Rodrigues, Sergey Lekomtsev, Silvana Jananji, Janos Kriston-Vizi, Gilles R. X. Hickson, Buzz Baum |
Abstract |
Cell division requires the precise coordination of chromosome segregation and cytokinesis. This coordination is achieved by the recruitment of an actomyosin regulator, Ect2, to overlapping microtubules at the centre of the elongating anaphase spindle. Ect2 then signals to the overlying cortex to promote the assembly and constriction of an actomyosin ring between segregating chromosomes. Here, by studying division in proliferating Drosophila and human cells, we demonstrate the existence of a second, parallel signalling pathway, which triggers the relaxation of the polar cell cortex at mid anaphase. This is independent of furrow formation, centrosomes and microtubules and, instead, depends on PP1 phosphatase and its regulatory subunit Sds22 (refs 2, 3). As separating chromosomes move towards the polar cortex at mid anaphase, kinetochore-localized PP1-Sds22 helps to break cortical symmetry by inducing the dephosphorylation and inactivation of ezrin/radixin/moesin proteins at cell poles. This promotes local softening of the cortex, facilitating anaphase elongation and orderly cell division. In summary, this identifies a conserved kinetochore-based phosphatase signal and substrate, which function together to link anaphase chromosome movements to cortical polarization, thereby coupling chromosome segregation to cell division. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United Kingdom | 5 | 13% |
United States | 4 | 10% |
France | 2 | 5% |
Finland | 2 | 5% |
Ghana | 1 | 3% |
Belgium | 1 | 3% |
Mexico | 1 | 3% |
Thailand | 1 | 3% |
Costa Rica | 1 | 3% |
Other | 6 | 15% |
Unknown | 16 | 40% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 29 | 73% |
Scientists | 7 | 18% |
Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 3 | 8% |
Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 1 | 3% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Netherlands | 1 | <1% |
United Kingdom | 1 | <1% |
Mexico | 1 | <1% |
Spain | 1 | <1% |
Japan | 1 | <1% |
Unknown | 177 | 97% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Ph. D. Student | 47 | 26% |
Researcher | 41 | 23% |
Student > Master | 19 | 10% |
Student > Bachelor | 14 | 8% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 8 | 4% |
Other | 27 | 15% |
Unknown | 26 | 14% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 67 | 37% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 63 | 35% |
Physics and Astronomy | 6 | 3% |
Neuroscience | 6 | 3% |
Engineering | 2 | 1% |
Other | 7 | 4% |
Unknown | 31 | 17% |