Chapter title |
Recapitulating Human Gastric Cancer Pathogenesis: Experimental Models of Gastric Cancer.
|
---|---|
Chapter number | 22 |
Book title |
Stem Cells, Pre-neoplasia, and Early Cancer of the Upper Gastrointestinal Tract
|
Published in |
Advances in experimental medicine and biology, August 2016
|
DOI | 10.1007/978-3-319-41388-4_22 |
Pubmed ID | |
Book ISBNs |
978-3-31-941386-0, 978-3-31-941388-4
|
Authors |
Lin Ding, Mohamad El Zaatari, Juanita L. Merchant M.D., Ph.D., Juanita L. Merchant, Ding, Lin, El Zaatari, Mohamad, Merchant, Juanita L., Zaatari, Mohamad |
Editors |
Marnix Jansen, Nicholas A. Wright |
Abstract |
This review focuses on the various experimental models to study gastric cancer pathogenesis, with the role of genetically engineered mouse models (GEMMs) used as the major examples. We review differences in human stomach anatomy compared to the stomachs of the experimental models, including the mouse and invertebrate models such as Drosophila and C. elegans. The contribution of major signaling pathways, e.g., Notch, Hedgehog, AKT/PI3K is discussed in the context of their potential contribution to foregut tumorigenesis. We critically examine the rationale behind specific GEMMs, chemical carcinogens, dietary promoters, Helicobacter infection, and direct mutagenesis of relevant oncogenes and tumor suppressor that have been developed to study gastric cancer pathogenesis. Despite species differences, more efficient and effective models to test specific genes and pathways disrupted in human gastric carcinogenesis have yet to emerge. As we better understand these species differences, "humanized" versions of mouse models will more closely approximate human gastric cancer pathogenesis. Towards that end, epigenetic marks on chromatin, the gut microbiota, and ways of manipulating the immune system will likely move center stage, permitting greater overlap between rodent and human cancer phenotypes thus providing a unified progression model. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Italy | 1 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 1 | 100% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United States | 1 | 3% |
Unknown | 33 | 97% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Ph. D. Student | 10 | 29% |
Student > Master | 5 | 15% |
Student > Bachelor | 2 | 6% |
Professor | 2 | 6% |
Other | 2 | 6% |
Other | 5 | 15% |
Unknown | 8 | 24% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Medicine and Dentistry | 8 | 24% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 7 | 21% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 4 | 12% |
Immunology and Microbiology | 2 | 6% |
Decision Sciences | 1 | 3% |
Other | 3 | 9% |
Unknown | 9 | 26% |