Chapter title |
Pathogenesis of Shiga-Toxin Producing Escherichia coli.
|
---|---|
Chapter number | 176 |
Book title |
Ricin and Shiga Toxins
|
Published in |
Current topics in microbiology and immunology, September 2011
|
DOI | 10.1007/82_2011_176 |
Pubmed ID | |
Book ISBNs |
978-3-64-227469-5, 978-3-64-227470-1
|
Authors |
Angela Melton-Celsa, Krystle Mohawk, Louise Teel, Alison O’Brien, Melton-Celsa, Angela, Mohawk, Krystle, Teel, Louise, O’Brien, Alison |
Abstract |
Shiga toxin (Stx)-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) are food-borne pathogens that cause hemorrhagic colitis and a serious sequela, the hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). The largest outbreaks of STEC are due to a single E. coli serotype, O157:H7, although non-O157 serotypes also cause the same diseases. Two immunologically distinct Stxs are found in E. coli, Stx1 and Stx2. The Stxs are AB₅ toxins that halt protein synthesis in the host cell, a process that may lead to an apoptotic cell death. Stx-mediated damage to renal glomerular endothelial cells is hypothesized as the precipitating event for HUS. A subset of STEC referred to as the enterohemorrhagic E. coli has the capacity to intimately attach to and efface intestinal epithelial cells, a pathology called the A/E lesion. The A/E lesion is mediated by the adhesin intimin, its bacterially encoded receptor, Tir, and effectors secreted through a type III secretion system. The proteins needed for the A/E lesion are encoded within a large pathogenicity island called the locus of enterocyte effacement or LEE. There are several animal models for STEC infection, but no one model fully represents the spectrum of STEC illness. Currently there is no cure for STEC infection, and therapies are based mainly on alleviating symptoms. However, chimeric or humanized monoclonal antibodies have been developed that neutralize the Stxs, and those therapies may be able to prevent the development of HUS in an STEC-infected patient. |
X Demographics
As of 1 July 2024, you may notice a temporary increase in the numbers of X profiles with Unknown location. Click here to learn more.
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Unknown | 2 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Scientists | 1 | 50% |
Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 1 | 50% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United States | 2 | 1% |
Germany | 1 | <1% |
Switzerland | 1 | <1% |
Unknown | 142 | 97% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Ph. D. Student | 28 | 19% |
Researcher | 19 | 13% |
Student > Master | 18 | 12% |
Student > Bachelor | 13 | 9% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 11 | 8% |
Other | 26 | 18% |
Unknown | 31 | 21% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 49 | 34% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 21 | 14% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 18 | 12% |
Immunology and Microbiology | 9 | 6% |
Veterinary Science and Veterinary Medicine | 6 | 4% |
Other | 10 | 7% |
Unknown | 33 | 23% |