| Chapter title |
Hepatic Immune System: Adaptations to Alcohol
|
|---|---|
| Chapter number | 88 |
| Book title |
The Neuropharmacology of Alcohol
|
| Published in |
Handbook of experimental pharmacology, January 2018
|
| DOI | 10.1007/164_2017_88 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Book ISBNs |
978-3-31-996522-2, 978-3-31-996523-9
|
| Authors |
Adam Kim, Rebecca L. McCullough, Kyle L. Poulsen, Carlos Sanz-Garcia, Megan Sheehan, Abram B. Stavitsky, Laura E. Nagy, Kim, Adam, McCullough, Rebecca L., Poulsen, Kyle L., Sanz-Garcia, Carlos, Sheehan, Megan, Stavitsky, Abram B., Nagy, Laura E. |
| Abstract |
Both the innate and adaptive immune systems are critical for the maintenance of healthy liver function. Immune activity maintains the tolerogenic capacity of the liver, modulates hepatocellular response to various stresses, and orchestrates appropriate cellular repair and turnover. However, in response to heavy, chronic alcohol exposure, the finely tuned balance of pro- and anti-inflammatory functions in the liver is disrupted, leading to a state of chronic inflammation in the liver. Over time, this non-resolving inflammatory response contributes to the progression of alcoholic liver disease (ALD). Here we review the contributions of the cellular components of the immune system to the progression of ALD, as well as the pathophysiological roles for soluble and circulating mediators of immunity, including cytokines, chemokines, complement, and extracellular vesicles, in ALD. Finally, we compare the role of the innate immune response in health and disease in the liver to our growing understanding of the role of neuroimmunity in the development and maintenance of a healthy central nervous system, as well as the progression of neuroinflammation. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Unknown | 2 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Scientists | 1 | 50% |
| Members of the public | 1 | 50% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Unknown | 21 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 6 | 29% |
| Student > Master | 2 | 10% |
| Student > Postgraduate | 2 | 10% |
| Student > Bachelor | 2 | 10% |
| Other | 1 | 5% |
| Other | 4 | 19% |
| Unknown | 4 | 19% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 6 | 29% |
| Medicine and Dentistry | 4 | 19% |
| Neuroscience | 3 | 14% |
| Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science | 1 | 5% |
| Immunology and Microbiology | 1 | 5% |
| Other | 1 | 5% |
| Unknown | 5 | 24% |