Title |
Debriefing as Formative Assessment: Closing Performance Gaps in Medical Education
|
---|---|
Published in |
Academic Emergency Medicine, November 2008
|
DOI | 10.1111/j.1553-2712.2008.00248.x |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Jenny W. Rudolph, Robert Simon, Daniel B. Raemer, Walter J. Eppich |
Abstract |
The authors present a four-step model of debriefing as formative assessment that blends evidence and theory from education research, the social and cognitive sciences, experience drawn from conducting over 3,000 debriefings, and teaching debriefing to approximately 1,000 clinicians worldwide. The steps are to: 1) note salient performance gaps related to predetermined objectives, 2) provide feedback describing the gap, 3) investigate the basis for the gap by exploring the frames and emotions contributing to the current performance level, and 4) help close the performance gap through discussion or targeted instruction about principles and skills relevant to performance. The authors propose that the model, designed for postsimulation debriefings, can also be applied to bedside teaching in the emergency department (ED) and other clinical settings. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United States | 5 | 29% |
Australia | 2 | 12% |
Japan | 1 | 6% |
United Kingdom | 1 | 6% |
Unknown | 8 | 47% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 10 | 59% |
Scientists | 4 | 24% |
Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 3 | 18% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United States | 8 | 1% |
Spain | 3 | <1% |
Australia | 2 | <1% |
Brazil | 2 | <1% |
Portugal | 1 | <1% |
United Kingdom | 1 | <1% |
Chile | 1 | <1% |
New Zealand | 1 | <1% |
Ireland | 1 | <1% |
Other | 2 | <1% |
Unknown | 692 | 97% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Master | 88 | 12% |
Other | 74 | 10% |
Researcher | 73 | 10% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 67 | 9% |
Professor > Associate Professor | 64 | 9% |
Other | 224 | 31% |
Unknown | 124 | 17% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Medicine and Dentistry | 360 | 50% |
Nursing and Health Professions | 72 | 10% |
Social Sciences | 46 | 6% |
Psychology | 28 | 4% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 13 | 2% |
Other | 49 | 7% |
Unknown | 146 | 20% |