Chapter title |
EBV Persistence-Introducing the Virus.
|
---|---|
Chapter number | 8 |
Book title |
Epstein Barr Virus Volume 1
|
Published in |
Current topics in microbiology and immunology, January 2015
|
DOI | 10.1007/978-3-319-22822-8_8 |
Pubmed ID | |
Book ISBNs |
978-3-31-922821-1, 978-3-31-922822-8
|
Authors |
Thorley-Lawson, David A, David A. Thorley-Lawson, Thorley-Lawson, David A. |
Abstract |
Persistent infection by EBV is explained by the germinal center model (GCM) which provides a satisfying and currently the only explanation for EBVs disparate biology. Since the GCM touches on every aspect of the virus, this chapter will serve as an introduction to the subsequent chapters. EBV is B lymphotropic, and its biology closely follows that of normal mature B lymphocytes. The virus persists quiescently in resting memory B cells for the lifetime of the host in a non-pathogenic state that is also invisible to the immune response. To access this compartment, the virus infects naïve B cells in the lymphoepithelium of the tonsils and activates these cells using the growth transcription program. These cells migrate to the GC where they switch to a more limited transcription program, the default program, which helps rescue them into the memory compartment where the virus persists. For egress, the infected memory cells return to the lymphoepithelium where they occasionally differentiate into plasma cells activating viral replication. The released virus can either infect more naïve B cells or be amplified in the epithelium for shedding. This cycle of infection and the quiescent state in memory B cells allow for lifetime persistence at a very low level that is remarkably stable over time. Mathematically, this is a stable fixed point where the mechanisms regulating persistence drive the state back to equilibrium when perturbed. This is the GCM of EBV persistence. Other possible sites and mechanisms of persistence will also be discussed. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
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Unknown | 1 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
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Members of the public | 1 | 100% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
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Germany | 1 | <1% |
Unknown | 191 | 99% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
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Student > Master | 30 | 16% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 29 | 15% |
Student > Bachelor | 21 | 11% |
Researcher | 15 | 8% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 9 | 5% |
Other | 22 | 11% |
Unknown | 66 | 34% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
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Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 36 | 19% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 31 | 16% |
Immunology and Microbiology | 26 | 14% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 13 | 7% |
Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science | 3 | 2% |
Other | 9 | 5% |
Unknown | 74 | 39% |