Chapter title |
The Structure of Natural and Recombinant Antibodies
|
---|---|
Chapter number | 2 |
Book title |
Peptide Antibodies
|
Published in |
Methods in molecular biology, January 2015
|
DOI | 10.1007/978-1-4939-2999-3_2 |
Pubmed ID | |
Book ISBNs |
978-1-4939-2998-6, 978-1-4939-2999-3
|
Authors |
Hui Ma, Richard O’Kennedy, Ma, Hui, O’Kennedy, Richard |
Abstract |
Immunoglobulins (Ig) isotypes A, D, E, G, and M are glycoproteins which are mainly composed of a "Y"-shaped Ig monomer (~150 kDa), consisting of two light and two heavy chains. Both light and heavy chains contain variable (N-terminal) and constant regions (C-terminal). Each light chain consists of one variable domain and one constant domain, whereas each heavy chain has one variable domain and three constant domains. However, heavy-chain antibodies consisting of only heavy chains and lacking the light chains are found in camelids and cartilaginous fishes. Unlike other immunoglobulins, the heavy chain of avian antibody IgY (~180 kDa) consists of four constant domains. The single-chain variable fragment (scFv; ~25 kDa) of an antibody contains variable regions of antibody heavy and light chains. The fragment antigen-binding (Fab; ~50 kDa) region has the full antibody light chain but the heavy chain is composed of a variable region and one constant domain. |
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